Wavelength conversion device, illumination device, and projector

ABSTRACT

A wavelength conversion device includes a rotating device, a substrate rotated by the rotating device, a wavelength conversion element, and a first cooling device including, on an inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated, the first cooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element. The first cooling device is disposed in a position corresponding to the wavelength conversion element. The space extends from an outer edge side of the substrate to a rotation axis side. The first cooling device includes an evaporator and a condenser which are provided in the space. The evaporator includes a liquid retaining part configured to retain the working fluid in a liquid phase. The liquid retaining part is provided at the outer edge side in the space and disposed in the position corresponding to the wavelength conversion element.

The present application is based on, and claims priority from JPApplication Serial Number 2019-056101, filed Mar. 25, 2019, thedisclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a wavelength conversion device, anillumination device, and a projector.

2. Related Art

There has been known a wavelength conversion device that converts, usinga phosphor, the wavelength of light emitted from a light source of aprojector. In such a wavelength conversion device, it is necessary tocool the phosphor and suppress deterioration in wavelength conversionefficiency due to heat generation of the phosphor in order to brighten aprojected image projected by the projector and appropriately maintainthe white balance of the projected image. Therefore, the phosphor havinga ring shape is disposed on a rotating body and turned to sequentiallyswitch an irradiation position of light emitted from a light source inthe phosphor. For example, JP A-2016-66061 (Patent Literature 1)discloses a phosphor wheel device including a plurality of vanes inorder to efficiently cool a phosphor.

However, the phosphor wheel device described in Patent Literature 1 hasa problem in that it is difficult to improve cooling efficiency for thephosphor. Specifically, to further brighten the projected imageprojected by the projector and improve illumination efficiency, thedensity of light irradiated on the phosphor has to be increased. Whenthe density of the irradiated light is increased, the phosphor issometimes not sufficiently cooled by the turning of the phosphor and anair flow by the plurality of vanes. When it is attempted to increase thediameter of the ring-shaped phosphor or the rotating body to improve thecooling efficiency for the phosphor, the phosphor wheel device tends tobe increased in size. Therefore, there has been a demand for awavelength conversion device with improved cooling efficiency for thephosphor from that in the past.

SUMMARY

A wavelength conversion device according to an aspect of the presentdisclosure includes: a rotating device; a substrate including a firstsurface and a second surface disposed at an opposite side of the firstsurface, the substrate being rotated by the rotating device; awavelength conversion element provided on the first surface andconfigured to convert a wavelength of incident light; and a firstcooling device provided on the second surface, the first cooling deviceincluding, on an inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated,the first cooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element. Thefirst cooling device is disposed in a position corresponding to thewavelength conversion element. The space extends from an outer edge sideof the substrate to a rotation axis side. The first cooling deviceincludes an evaporator provided in the space and configured to evaporatethe working fluid in a liquid phase with heat transferred from thewavelength conversion element to change the working fluid in the liquidphase to the working fluid in a gas phase and a condenser provided inthe space and configured to condense the working fluid in the gas phaseto change the working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in theliquid phase. The evaporator includes a liquid retaining part configuredto retain the working fluid in the liquid phase. The liquid retainingpart is provided at the outer edge side in the space and disposed in theposition corresponding to the wavelength conversion element.

In the wavelength conversion device, the first cooling device may beprovided along a shape of the wavelength conversion element.

In the wavelength conversion device, the liquid retaining part may notbe provided at an end portion on the rotation axis side in the space.

In the wavelength conversion device, a direction from the first surfacetoward the second surface along the rotation axis is a first direction,and the first cooling device may include, in a part located in the firstdirection, an inclined surface inclined such that length of the spacealong the first direction increases from the outer edge side toward therotation axis side.

In the wavelength conversion device, a direction from the first surfacetoward the second surface along the rotation axis is a first direction,and the first cooling device may include, in a part located in the firstdirection, a plurality of fins disposed along a rotating direction ofthe substrate, and a plurality of grooves may be radially provided inthe plurality of fins from the rotation axis side toward the outer edgeside.

In the wavelength conversion device, a plurality of the first coolingdevices may be provided, and the plurality of first cooling devices mayrespectively extend from the rotation axis side to the outer edge side.

In the wavelength conversion device, the plurality of first coolingdevices may be bent.

In the wavelength conversion device, end portions at the rotation axisside of the plurality of first cooling devices may be bent in adirection away from the substrate.

The wavelength conversion device may further include: a first heattransfer member coupled to a position corresponding to the evaporatorsin the plurality of first cooling devices; and a second heat transfermember coupled to parts at the rotation axis side in the plurality offirst cooling devices.

The wavelength conversion device may further include a cooling findisposed in the second heat transfer member.

In the wavelength conversion device, the first cooling device mayinclude a cooling fin.

The wavelength conversion device may further include a second coolingdevice provided on the first surface, the second cooling deviceincluding, on an inside, a space in which the working fluid isencapsulated. The second cooling device may include an evaporatorprovided in the space and configured to evaporate the working fluid inthe liquid phase with the heat transferred from the wavelengthconversion element to change the working fluid in the liquid phase tothe working fluid in the gas phase and a condenser provided in the spaceand configured to condense the working fluid in the gas phase to changethe working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in the liquidphase. The second cooling device may be disposed such that theevaporator of the second cooling device corresponds to a part on therotation axis side of the first cooling device.

In the wavelength conversion device, the second cooling device may bedisposed at the rotation axis side with respect to the wavelengthconversion element.

In the wavelength conversion device, at least one of the first coolingdevice and the second cooling device may include a cooling fin.

An illumination device according to an aspect of the present disclosureincludes: a light source configured to emit light having a firstwavelength band; and the wavelength conversion device configured toconvert a wavelength of the light emitted from the light source into asecond wavelength band different from the first wavelength band.

A projector according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes:the illumination device; a light modulator configured to modulate lightemitted from the illumination device; and a projection optical deviceconfigured to project the light modulated by the light modulator.

The projector may further include a cooling fan configured to blow airto the first cooling device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a projectoraccording to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an internal configuration of theprojector.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of anillumination device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a wavelengthconversion device.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the wavelengthconversion device.

FIG. 6 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of afirst cooling device.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a firstcooling device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of thefirst cooling device.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a firstcooling device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of thefirst cooling device.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of first coolingdevices according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the configuration of first coolingdevices according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the configuration of first coolingdevices according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a wavelengthconversion device according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a firstcooling device according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of thefirst cooling device.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing another configuration of the firstcooling device.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a wavelengthconversion device according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the configuration of thewavelength conversion device.

FIG. 20 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of thewavelength conversion device.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present disclosure are explained below with referenceto the drawings. The embodiments explained below explain examples of thepresent disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to theembodiments explained below and includes various modificationsimplemented in a range in which the gist of the present disclosure isnot changed. In the figures referred to below, the scales of members aredifferentiated from actual scales in order to show the members inrecognizable sizes.

1. First Embodiment

1.1. Schematic Configuration of a Projector

The configuration of a projector 1 according to a first embodiment isexplained with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG. 1 is a perspectiveview showing the appearance of the projector 1 according to the firstembodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an internalconfiguration of the projector 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showingthe configuration of an illumination device 41.

The projector 1 according to this embodiment is a projection-type imagedisplay apparatus that modulates light emitted from a light sourcedevice 5 explained below, forms an image corresponding to imageinformation, and enlarges and projects the formed image onto aprojection surface PS explained below such as a screen. The projector 1includes, as shown in FIG. 1, an exterior housing 2 forming anappearance and an apparatus main body 3 explained below.

1.1.1. Configuration of the Exterior Housing

The exterior housing 2 is formed in a substantially rectangularparallelepiped shape by combining an upper case 2A, a lower case 2B, afront case 2C, and a rear case 2D. The exterior housing 2 includes a topsurface 21, a bottom surface 22, a front surface 23, a rear surface 24,a left side surface 25, and a right side surface 26.

Legs 221 in contact with a placement surface when the projector 1 isplaced on the placement surface are provided in a plurality of places onthe bottom surface 22. In FIG. 1, only two legs 221 are shown.

In the center portion of the front surface 23, an opening 231, whichexposes an end portion 461 of a projection optical device 46 explainedbelow and through which an image projected by the projection opticaldevice 46 passes, is formed. An exhaust port 232, from which cooling gasin the exterior housing 2 is discharged, is formed in a position on theleft side surface 25 side in the front surface 23. An introducing port261 for introducing outside air into the inside as the cooling gas isformed in the right side surface 26.

1.1.2. Configuration of the Apparatus Main Body

As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus main body 3 is housed in the exteriorhousing 2. Besides including the image projection device 4, theapparatus main body 3 includes, although not shown in FIG. 2, a controldevice that controls the operation of the projector 1, a power supplydevice that supplies electric power to electronic components configuringthe projector 1, and a cooling device that cools a cooling target.

1.1.3. Configuration of the Image Projection Device

The image projection device 4 forms an image corresponding to an imagesignal input from the control device and projects the image onto theprojection surface PS. The image projection device 4 includes anillumination device 41, a color separation device 42, collimating lenses43, light modulators 44 that modulate light emitted from theillumination device 41, a color combination device 45, and a projectingoptical device 46 that projects the light modulated by the lightmodulators 44. The illumination device 41 emits illumination light WLthat uniformly illuminates the light modulators 44. The illuminationdevice 41 emits the illumination light WL toward the color separationdevice 42. The configuration of the illumination device 41 is explainedbelow.

The color separation device 42 separates blue light LB, green light LG,and red light LR from the illumination light WL made incident thereonfrom the illumination device 41. The color separation device 42 includesdichroic mirrors 421 and 422, reflection mirrors 423, 424, and 425,relay lenses 426 and 427, and an optical component housing 428 thathouses the foregoing on the inside.

The dichroic mirror 421 transmits the blue light LB included in theillumination light WL and reflects the green light LG and the red lightLR included in the illumination light WL. The blue light LB transmittedthrough the dichroic mirror 421 is reflected by the reflection mirror423 and guided to a collimating lens 43B for blue light among thecollimating lenses 43.

The dichroic mirror 422 reflects the green light LG of the green lightLG and the red light LR reflected by the dichroic mirror 421, guides thegreen light LG to a collimating lens 43G for green light among thecollimating lenses 43, and transmits the red light LR. The red light LRis guided to a collimating lens 43R for red light among the collimatinglenses 43 by the relay lens 426, the reflection mirror 424, the relaylens 427, and the reflection mirror 425. The collimating lenses 43R,43G, and 43B for the respective color lights, which are the collimatinglenses 43, collimate lights made incident thereon.

The light modulators 44 respectively modulate the color lights LR, LG,and LB made incident thereon and form images based on the color lightsLR, LG, and LB corresponding to image signals input from the controldevice. In the light modulators 44, light modulators for the respectivecolor lights of red, green, and blue are respectively represented by44R, 44G, and 44B. Each of the light modulators 44 includes, forexample, a liquid crystal panel that modulates light made incidentthereon and polarizing plates respectively disposed at an incident sideand an emission side of the liquid crystal panel. The light modulator isnot limited to a transmission-type liquid crystal panel and may be areflection-type liquid crystal panel, a DMD (Digital MicromirrorDevice), or the like.

The color combination device 45 combines images based on the colorlights LR, LG, and LB made incident thereon from the light modulators44R, 44G, and 44B to form an image. In this embodiment, the colorcombination device 45 is configured by a cross dichroic prism. However,the color combination device 45 can also be configured by a plurality ofdichroic mirrors.

The projection optical device 46 enlarges and projects the image formedby the color combination device 45 onto projection surface PS. As such aprojection optical device 46, for example, a set lens configured by alens barrel and a plurality of lenses disposed in the lens barrel can beadopted.

1.1.4. Configuration of the Illumination Device

As explained above, the illumination device 41 emits the illuminationlight WL toward the color separation device 42. The illumination device41 includes, as shown in FIG. 3, a light source device 5 and anhomogenizing device 7.

1.1.5. Configuration of the Light Source Device

The light source device 5 emits the illumination light WL, which is alight beam, to the homogenizing device 7. The light source device 5includes a light source 51 functioning, an afocal optical element 52, afirst phase difference element 53, a homogenizer optical device 54, alight combination device 55, a second phase difference element 56, afirst condensing element 57, a light diffusing device 58, a secondcondensing element 59, and a wavelength conversion device 6.

The light source 51, the afocal optical element 52, the first phasedifference element 53, the homogenizer optical device 54, the secondphase difference element 56, the first condensing element 57, and thelight diffusing device 58 are disposed on a first illumination opticalaxis Ax1. On the other hand, the second condensing element 59, thewavelength conversion device 6, and the homogenizing device 7 aredisposed on a second illumination optical axis Ax2 crossing the firstillumination optical axis Ax1. The light combination device 55 isdisposed in a crossing portion of the first illumination light opticalaxis Ax1 and the second illumination optical axis Ax2.

1.1.6. Configuration of the Light Source

The light source 51 is a light emission device that emits excitationlight, which is blue light. The light source 51 includes a first lightsource 511, a second light source 512, and a light combining member 513.

The first light source 511 includes a solid-state light source array5111 in which a plurality of solid-state light sources SS, which are LDs(Laser Diodes), are arrayed in a matrix shape and a not-shown pluralityof collimating lenses corresponding to the solid-state light sources SS.Similarly, the second light source 512 includes a solid-state lightsource array 5121 in which a plurality of solid-state light sources SSare arrayed in a matrix shape and a not-shown plurality of collimatinglenses corresponding to the solid-state light sources SS. Thesolid-state light sources SS emit, for example, excitation lights havinga peak wavelength of 440 nm. In other words, the light source 51 emitslight having a first wavelength band. The solid-state light sources SSmay emit excitation lights having a peak wavelength of 446 nm andexcitation lights having a peak wavelength of 460 nm. Solid-state lightsources that respectively emit excitation lights having different peakwavelengths may be mixed in the light sources 511 and 512. Theexcitation lights emitted from the solid-state light sources SS arecollimated by a collimator lens, which is a collimating lens, and madeincident on the light combining member 513.

In this embodiment, the excitation lights emitted from the solid-statelight sources SS are s-polarized light. However, not only this, but thesolid-state light sources SS that emit the excitation lights of thes-polarized light and the solid-state light sources SS that emitexcitation lights of p-polarized light may be mixed. In this case, thefirst phase difference element 53 explained below can be omitted.

The light combining member 513 transmits excitation light emitted fromthe first light source 511 along the first illumination optical axisAx1, reflects, along the first illumination optical axis Ax1, excitationlight emitted from the second light source 512 along a directioncrossing the first illumination optical axis Ax1, and combines theexcitation lights. In this embodiment, the light combining member 513 isconfigured as a tabular member on which a plurality of passing partsthrough which the excitation light emitted from the first light source511 passes and a plurality of reflecting parts that reflect theexcitation light emitted from the second light source 512 arealternately arrayed. The excitation lights passing or reflected via thelight combining member 513 are made incident on the afocal opticalelement 52.

In this embodiment, the light source 51 functioning as the lightemitting device includes the first light source 511, the second lightsource 512, and the light combining member 513. However, not only this,but the light source 51 may include only the first light source 511 ormay include a larger number of light sources.

1.1.7. Configuration of the Afocal Optical Element

The afocal optical element 52 adjusts a light beam diameter ofexcitation light made incident thereon from the light source 51. Inother words, the afocal optical element 52 reduces the light beamdiameter of the excitation light. Specifically, the afocal opticalelement 52 includes a lens 521 that condenses excitation light madeincident thereon as parallel light from the light source 51 and reducesa light beam diameter and a lens 522 that collimates and emitsexcitation light made incident thereon from the lens 521.

1.1.8. Configuration of the First Phase Difference Element

The first phase difference element 53 is a half wavelength plate. Bypassing through the first phase difference element 53, a part ofexcitation light of the s-polarized light made incident on the firstphase difference element 53 from the afocal optical element 52 isconverted into excitation light of the p-polarized light to beexcitation light in which the s-polarized light and the p-polarizedlight are mixed. Such excitation light is made incident on thehomogenizer optical device 54.

1.1.9. Configuration of the Homogenizer Optical Device

The homogenizer optical device 54 homogenizes an illuminancedistribution of excitation light made incident on regions to beilluminated in the light diffusing device 58 and the wavelengthconversion device 6. The excitation light passed through the homogenizeroptical device 54 is made incident on the light combination device 55.Such a homogenizer optical device 54 includes a first multi-lens 541 anda second multi-lens 542.

The first multi-lens 541 has a configuration in which a plurality offirst lenses 5411 are arrayed in a matrix shape in an orthogonal surfaceorthogonal to the first illumination optical axis Ax1. The firstmulti-lens 541 divides excitation light made incident thereon into aplurality of partial light beams.

The second multi-lens 542 has a configuration in which a plurality ofsecond lenses 5421 corresponding to the plurality of first lenses 5411are arrayed in a matrix shape in an orthogonal surface orthogonal to thefirst illumination optical axis Ax1. The second multi-lens 542superimposes the divided plurality of partial light beams on the regionsto be illuminated in cooperation with the second lenses 5421 and thecondensing elements 57 and 59. Consequently, illuminance in a surfaceorthogonal to the center axis of the excitation light made incident onthe regions to be illuminated is homogenized. Such a homogenizer opticaldevice 54 may be disposed between the afocal optical element 52 and thefirst phase difference element 53.

1.1.10. Configuration of the Light Combination Device

The light combination device 55 is a PBS (Polarizing Beam Splitter)including a prism 551 formed in a substantially right angled isoscelestriangular prism shape. A surface 552 corresponding to an oblique sideis inclined approximately 45° with respect to each of the firstillumination optical axis Ax1 and the second illumination optical axisAx2. Of surfaces 553 and 554 corresponding to adjacent sides, thesurface 553 crosses the second illumination optical axis Ax2 and thesurface 554 crosses the first illumination optical axis Ax1. Apolarization separation layer 555 having wavelength selectivity isformed on the surface 552 among the surfaces 552 to 554.

Besides having a characteristic of separating s-polarized light andp-polarized light included in excitation light made incident on thepolarization separation layer 555, the polarization separation layer 555has a characteristic of causing fluorescence generated in the wavelengthconversion device 6 to pass irrespective of a polarization state of thefluorescence. In other words, the polarization separation layer 555 hasa polarization separation characteristic of wavelength selectivity for,for light having a wavelength in a blue light region, separatings-polarized light and p-polarized light but, for lights havingwavelengths in a green light region and a red light region, causing eachof s-polarized light and p-polarized light to pass.

With the light combination device 55 functioning as the light separatingdevice as well in this way, in excitation light made incident on thelight combination device 55 from the homogenizer optical device 54,p-polarized light passes to the second phase difference element 56 sidealong the first illumination optical axis Ax1 and s-polarized light isreflected to the second condensing element 59 side along the secondillumination optical axis Ax2. As explained in detail below, the lightcombination device 55 combines blue light, which is excitation light,made incident thereon via the second phase difference element 56 andfluorescence made incident thereon via the second condensing element 59.

1.1.11. Configuration of the Second Phase Difference Element

The second phase difference element 56 is a quarter wavelength plate.The second phase difference element 56 converts excitation light ofp-polarized light made incident thereon from the light combinationdevice 55 into excitation light of circularly polarized light andconverts circularly polarized light, which rotates reversely to thecircularly polarized light and is excitation light made incident thereonfrom the first condensing element 57, into s-polarized light.

1.1.12. Configuration of the First Condensing Element

The first condensing element 57 is an optical element that condenses, inthe light diffusing device 58, excitation light passed through thesecond phase difference element 56. In other words, the first condensingelement 57 focuses, on the light diffusing device 58, excitation lightmade incident thereon. In this embodiment, the first condensing element57 is configured by three pickup lenses 571 to 573. However, the numberof lenses configuring the first condensing element 57 is not limited tothree.

1.1.13. Configuration of the Light Diffusing Device

The light diffusing device 58 diffuses, at the same diffusion angle as adiffusion angle of fluorescence generated and emitted by the wavelengthconversion device 6, excitation light made incident thereon. The lightdiffusing device 58 includes a disk-shaped light diffusing element 581,on which an annular reflection layer centering on a rotation center isformed, and a rotating section 582 that rotates the light diffusingelement 581. The reflection layer causes incident light to reflect in aLambertian manner.

The excitation light, that is, diffused light diffused and reflected bysuch a light diffusing element 581 is made incident on the second phasedifference element 56 again via the first condensing element 57. Whenbeing reflected by the light diffusing element 581, circularly polarizedlight made incident on the light diffusing element 581 changes toreversely rotating circularly polarized light. In a process of passingthrough the second phase difference element 56, the circularly polarizedlight is converted into excitation light of s-polarized light, apolarization direction of which is rotated 90° with respect toexcitation light of p-polarized light that passes through the lightcombination device 55. The excitation light of the s-polarized light isreflected by the polarization separation layer 555 and is made incidenton the homogenizing device 7 as blue light along the second illuminationoptical axis Ax2.

1.1.14. Configuration of the Second Condensing Element

The excitation light of the s-polarized light passed through thehomogenizer optical device 54 and reflected by the polarizationseparation layer 555 is made incident on the second condensing element59. Besides condensing and focusing the incident excitation light on awavelength conversion layer 612 of a wavelength conversion element 61,which is the region to be illuminated of the wavelength conversiondevice 6, as explained above, the second condensing element 59collimates fluorescence emitted from the wavelength conversion device 6and emits the fluorescence toward the polarization separation layer 555.In this embodiment, the second condensing element 59 is configured bythree pickup lenses 591 to 593. However, like the first condensingelement 57, the number of lenses included in the second condensingelement 59 is not limited to three.

1.1.15. Configuration of the Wavelength Conversion Device

The wavelength conversion device 6 includes a rotating device 63, asupporting body 611 functioning as a substrate, a wavelength conversionelement 61, and a first cooling device 64. The rotating device 63rotates the supporting body 611. The supporting body 611 includes afirst surface 611A, which is an incident side of the excitation light,and a second surface 611B disposed at the opposite side of the firstsurface 611A. The wavelength conversion element 61 is provided on thefirst surface 611A and converts a wavelength of light made incidentthereon. The wavelength conversion element 61 includes the wavelengthconversion layer 612 and a reflection layer 613. In the wavelengthconversion element 61, the reflection layer 613 is provided in contactwith the first surface 611A, the wavelength conversion layer 612 isprovided in contact with the reflection layer 613, and the reflectionlayer 613 and the wavelength conversion layer 612 are stacked. In otherwords, a part of the excitation light reaches the reflection layer 613after being made incident on the wavelength conversion layer 612. Thefirst cooling device 64 is provided on the second surface 611B and coolsthe wavelength conversion element 61. The first cooling device 64includes, in the inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulatedexplained below. A detailed configuration of the wavelength conversiondevice 6 is explained below.

The wavelength conversion layer 612 is a region to be illuminated by thehomogenizer optical device 54 and the second condensing element 59. Thewavelength conversion layer 612 is a phosphor layer including a phosphorthat emits fluorescence, which is non-polarized light, excited byexcitation light made incident thereon, for example, fluorescence havinga peak wavelength in a wavelength region of 500 nm to 700 nm. In otherwords, the wavelength conversion layer 612 converts excitation lighthaving a first wavelength band into fluorescence having a secondwavelength band different from the first wavelength band. A part of thefluorescence generated in such a wavelength conversion layer 612 isemitted to the second condensing element 59 side. Another part of thefluorescence is emitted to the reflection layer 613 side.

The reflection layer 613 is disposed between the wavelength conversionlayer 612 and the supporting body 611 and reflects fluorescence madeincident thereon from the wavelength conversion layer 612 to the secondcondensing element 59 side.

When excitation light is irradiated on the wavelength conversion layer612, the fluorescence is diffused and emitted to the second condensingelement 59 side by the wavelength conversion layer 612 and thereflection layer 613. The fluorescence is made incident on thepolarization separation layer 555 via the second condensing element 59,passes through the polarization separation layer 555 along the secondillumination optical axis Ax2, and is made incident on the homogenizingdevice 7. In other words, the fluorescence passes through thepolarization separation layer 555 to thereby be made incident on thehomogenizing device 7 as the illumination light WL together withexcitation light, which is blue light, reflected by the polarizationseparation layer 555.

The wavelength conversion layer 612 generates heat with incidence ofexcitation light. The generated heat is transferred to the supportingbody 611 via the reflection layer 613. The heat transferred to thesupporting body 611 is radiated by the first cooling device 64 coupledto the second surface 611B on the opposite side of the first surface611A in the supporting body 611.

The projector 1 includes a cooling fan 9 that blows air to the firstcooling device 64. Cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 64 canbe improved by the air blowing by the cooling fan 9. An axial fan, acentrifugal fan, or the like can be adopted as the cooling fan 9.

The wavelength conversion device 6 converts a wavelength of light havinga first wavelength band emitted from the light source 51 into a secondwavelength band different from the first wavelength band. In thisembodiment, the light in the first wavelength band emitted by the lightsource 51 is excitation light of s-polarized light, which is excitationlight of blue light, and the light in the second wavelength bandconverted by the wavelength conversion device 6 is fluorescenceincluding green light and red light.

1.1.16. Configuration of the Homogenizing Device

The homogenizing device 7 homogenizes an illuminance distribution ofillumination light made incident on image forming regions (modulationregions), which are regions to be illuminated of the light modulators44R, 44G, and 44B for the respective color lights. The homogenizingdevice 7 includes a first lens array 71, a second lens array 72, apolarization conversion element 73, and a superimposition lens 74disposed such that optical axes thereof coincide with the secondillumination optical axis Ax2.

The first lens array 71 includes a plurality of small lenses 711 arrayedin a matrix shape in an orthogonal surface orthogonal to the secondillumination optical axis Ax2 and divides illumination light madeincident thereon into a plurality of partial light beams. Like the firstlens array 71, the second lens array 72 includes a plurality of smalllenses 721 arrayed in a matrix shape in an orthogonal surface orthogonalto the second illumination optical axis Ax2. These small lenses 721 arein a one-to-one relation with the small lenses 711 correspondingthereto. The small lenses 721 superimpose, in conjunction with thesuperimposition lens 74, the plurality of partial light beams divided bythe small lenses 711 on the image forming regions of the lightmodulators 44. Consequently, an illuminance distribution of illuminationlight made incident on the modulation regions, which are the imageforming regions, is homogenized. The polarization conversion element 73is disposed between the second lens array 72 and the superimpositionlens 74 and has a function of aligning polarization directions of theplurality of partial light beams made incident thereon.

1.2. Detailed Configuration of the Wavelength Conversion Device

A detailed configuration of the wavelength conversion device 6 accordingto this embodiment is explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing the configuration of thewavelength conversion device 6. FIG. 6 is a sectional schematic viewshowing the configuration of the first cooling device 64. In the figuresreferred to below, X, Y, Z axes, which are coordinate axes, orthogonalto one another are added. A direction indicated by respective arrows inthe X, Y, and Z axes is represented as a + direction. A directionopposite to the arrows is represented as a − direction. In FIG. 6, across section of a dividing surface VL1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 viewedfrom a −Y direction is shown.

In the wavelength conversion device 6, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, therotating device 63 is disposed in the center of the supporting body 611having a substantially disk shape. The rotating device 63 is, forexample, a motor and rotates the supporting body 611 around a rotationaxis Rx. The rotation of the supporting body 611 around the rotationaxis Rx may be either clockwise or counterclockwise in a plan view froma +X direction. The supporting body 611 has a shape rotationallysymmetrical with respect to the rotation axis Rx. As a material formingthe supporting body 611, for example, metal such as aluminum or copperor ceramics can be adopted.

As shown in FIG. 4, the wavelength conversion element 61 is annularlydisposed on the first surface 611A of the supporting body 611. Thewavelength conversion element 61 is disposed on the supporting body 611to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis Rx ofthe supporting body 611. The wavelength conversion element 61 is formedin a ring shape in a plan view from a −X direction. The width of thering is formed larger than a region to be illuminated where thewavelength conversion element 61 is illuminated by the homogenizeroptical device 54 and the second condensing element 59. Therefore, whenthe supporting body 611 is turned by the rotating device 63, the regionto be illuminated relatively moves on a circular track on thering-shaped wavelength conversion element 61.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first cooling device 64 is annularly disposed onthe second surface 611B of the supporting body 611. The first coolingdevice 64 is disposed on the supporting body 611 to be rotationallysymmetrical with respect to the rotation axis Rx. The first coolingdevice 64 is formed in a ring shape in the plan view from the +Xdirection. The width of the ring is formed larger than the width of thering of the wavelength conversion element 61.

As shown in FIG. 6, the first cooling device 64 is disposed in aposition corresponding to the wavelength conversion element 61 in thesupporting body 611. Specifically, the first cooling device 64 isdisposed to be opposed to the wavelength conversion element 61 acrossthe supporting body 611 in the ±X direction. The first cooling device 64is provided along the shape of the wavelength conversion element 61. Inother words, when seen through from the +X direction, the first coolingdevice 64 is provided over the entire wavelength conversion element 61.

The wavelength conversion element 61 includes the wavelength conversionlayer 612 and the reflection layer 613. The wavelength conversion layer612 is disposed at an incident side of excitation light. The reflectionlayer 613 is disposed at the supporting body 611 side. The wavelengthconversion layer 612 is formed by, for example, a layer containing (Y,Gd)₃(Al,Ga)₅O₁₂:Ce, which is a YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet)-basedphosphor. The reflection layer 613 is designed to reflect fluorescence,which is light in the second wavelength band, at high efficiency.

The wavelength conversion element 61 converts excitation light madeincident thereon from the −X direction into fluorescence and emits thefluorescence to the −X direction. At this time, heat H generated in thewavelength conversion element 61 is transferred to the first coolingdevice 64 via the supporting body 611.

The first cooling device 64 includes, on the inside of a housingthereof, a space 641 in which working fluid is encapsulated and coolsthe wavelength conversion element 61. The space 641 extends from theouter edge side of the substantially disk-shaped supporting body 611 tothe rotation axis Rx side. The sectional shape along an XZ plane of thespace 641 is a substantially rectangular shape, the dimension in a ±Zdirection of which is relatively large, in the cross section shown inFIG. 6. Although not shown in FIG. 6, the space 641 is provided tocommunicate in a ring shape along the external shape of the ring-shapedfirst cooling device 64. As a material forming the housing of the firstcooling device 64, metal such as copper having thermal conductivity isadopted.

The working fluid is encapsulated in the space 641 in a decompressedstate. Accordingly, in the space 641, the working fluid evaporates at alow boiling point compared with the boiling point under the atmosphericpressure. Water can be adopted as the working fluid.

The first cooling device 64 includes, in the space 641, an evaporator642 and a condenser 646. The evaporator 642 evaporates the working fluidin a liquid phase with heat transferred from the wavelength conversionelement 61 and changes the working fluid in the liquid phase to theworking fluid in a gas phase. The evaporator 642 includes a liquidretaining part 644 that retains the working fluid in the liquid phase.The evaporator 642 is a part including a region where the liquidretaining part 644 is disposed. The condenser 646 condenses the workingfluid in the gas phase and changes the working fluid in the gas phase tothe working fluid in the liquid phase. The condenser 646 is a partincluding a region at the rotation axis Rx side in the space 641.

The liquid retaining part 644 is provided at the outer edge side in thespace 641 and disposed in a position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element 61. In other words, the liquid retaining part 644 isdisposed to be opposed to the wavelength conversion element 61 in the ±Xdirection. The liquid retaining part 644 has a ring-like external shapein the plan view from the +X direction.

The working fluid in the liquid phase permeates and is retained in theliquid retaining part 644. Accordingly, as the liquid retaining part644, a porous body including a plurality of holes or a molded body offiber is adopted such that the working fluid in the liquid phasepermeates. As a material forming the porous body, metal such asstainless steel or copper or an inorganic substance such as glass orceramics can be adopted. As a material forming the fiber, metal such asstainless steel or copper or an inorganic substance such as glass can beadopted. Examples of the molded body include non-woven fabric obtainedby compression-molding the fiber and the fiber woven into a mesh shape.

The positions of the part of the evaporator 642 and the part of thecondenser 646 excluding the liquid retaining part 644 change dependingon an operation state or the like of the first cooling device 64. Inthis embodiment, the liquid retaining part 644 is disposed only on awall surface on the −X direction side in the space 641. However, thedisposition of the liquid retaining part 644 is not limited to this.

The heat H transferred to the first cooling device 64 is transferredinto the space 641 via the supporting body 611 by these components. Theevaporator 642 evaporates, with the heat H, the working fluid in theliquid phase retained in the liquid retaining part 644 and changes theworking fluid in the liquid phase to the working fluid in the gas phase.At this time, the heat of the wavelength conversion element 61 isabsorbed and the wavelength conversion element 61 is cooled by the heatof vaporization of the working fluid in the liquid phase via thesupporting body 611. Evaporation of the working fluid in the liquidphase sometimes occurs in the evaporator 642 other than the liquidretaining part 644.

The working fluid changed from the liquid phase to the gas phase retainsthe heat transferred from the wavelength conversion element 61, moves inthe −Z direction mainly as a flow G, and reaches the condenser 646. Thecondenser 646 condenses the working fluid in the gas phase and changesthe working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in the liquidphase. At this time, the working fluid in the gas phase radiates heatand condenses. The heat radiated from the working fluid in the gas phaseis radiated to the outside of the first cooling device 64 from thecondenser 646.

The working fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase movesto the evaporator 642 in the +Z direction mainly as a flow L. During theoperation of the first cooling device 64, since the rotating device 63is turning the supporting body 611, a centrifugal force is generated tothe outer edge side of the supporting body 611, that is, in FIG. 6, inthe +Z direction. Consequently, the centrifugal force acts on theworking fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase. Themovement of the working fluid in the +Z direction is facilitated. Theworking fluid in the liquid phase moved to the evaporator 642 isretained by the liquid retaining part 644. In this way, the firstcooling device 64 is a so-called vapor chamber and enables cooling bytransfer of heat by continuously and repeatedly expressing theevaporation and the condensation of the working fluid.

The flows G and L indicate main lines of flow of the working fluid. Theflow of the working fluid is not limited to the flows G and L. Forexample, the working fluid in the gas phase generated in the liquidretaining part 644 may be condensed on the inner wall opposed to theliquid retaining part 644 in the ±X direction in the space 641.

In this embodiment, the liquid retaining part 644 is not provided at theend portion on the rotation axis Rx direction in the space 641. Theliquid retaining part 644 is not provided on the inner wall on the +Xdirection side in the space 641. Further, the liquid retaining part 644is not provided between the end portion at the rotation axis Rx side anda portion substantially in the middle in the ±Z direction of the firstcooling device 64 on the inner wall at the −X direction side in thespace 641. As explained above, since the wavelength conversion device 6is rotated by the rotating device 63 during operation, a centrifugalforce is generated at the outer edge side in the supporting body 611.With the centrifugal force, the working fluid changed from the gas phaseto the liquid phase moves toward the evaporator 642 located at the outeredge side, that is, toward the liquid retaining part 644. At this time,since a liquid retaining part is absent in a path on which the workingfluid in the liquid phase receives the centrifugal force and moves,compared with when the liquid retaining part is present in the path, itis possible to more quickly move the working fluid in the liquid phaseto the liquid retaining part 644 of the evaporator 642 present in theposition corresponding to the wavelength conversion element 61. On theother hand, when the liquid retaining part is provided in the path, theworking fluid in the liquid phase reached the liquid retaining partgradually moves in the liquid retaining part toward the liquid retainingpart 644 with a capillary force. Therefore, a cycle of the change fromthe gas phase to the liquid phase and to the gas phase of the workingfluid efficiently progresses. Consequently, it is possible to improvecooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 by the firstcooling device 64.

As explained above, the following effects can be obtained by thewavelength conversion device 6, the illumination device 41, and theprojector 1 according to the first embodiment.

The cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 can beimproved from that in the past. Specifically, the first cooling device64 is provided in the position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element 61 across the supporting body 611 functioning as thesubstrate. In the first cooling device 64, the liquid retaining part 644is disposed in the position corresponding to the wavelength conversionelement 61. Therefore, the heat of the wavelength conversion element 61is transferred mainly to the liquid retaining part 644. Since theworking fluid in the liquid phase is retained by the liquid retainingpart 644, the working fluid in the liquid phase evaporates with thetransferred heat H and changes to the working fluid in the gas phase.The heat of the wavelength conversion element 61 absorbed and thewavelength conversion element 61 is cooled by the heat of vaporizationof the working fluid at this time.

In the first cooling device 64, the working fluid changed from theliquid phase to the gas phase in the liquid retaining part 644 moves tothe condenser 646. At this time, the heat H transferred from thewavelength conversion element 61 is also transferred from the evaporator642 to the condenser 646 by the working fluid in the gas phase. In thecondenser 646, the working fluid in the gas phase radiates heat andcondenses. The working fluid in the gas phase changes to the workingfluid in the liquid phase. The heat radiated by the condensation of theworking fluid is radiated from the first cooling device 64.

The space 641 of the first cooling device 64 extends from the outer edgeside to the rotation axis Rx side. The liquid retaining part 644 isprovided at the outer edge side in the space 641. Accordingly, theworking fluid in the liquid phase condensed at the rotation axis Rx sideof the space 641 easily moves from the rotation axis Rx side to theouter edge side with the centrifugal force generated by the rotation ofthe supporting body 611. In other words, after the working fluid in theliquid phase changes to the working fluid in the gas phase, the workingfluid in the gas phase is quickly returned to the liquid retaining part644 compared with when the centrifugal force does not act. Therefore,the cycle of the change from the gas phase to the liquid phase and tothe gas phase of the working fluid efficiently progresses. Consequently,the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 64 is improved. Thecooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 can beimproved. Therefore, it is possible to provide the wavelength conversiondevice 6 with improved cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversionelement 61 from that in the past.

Since the shape of the first cooling device 64 conforms to the shape ofthe wavelength conversion element 61, the heat H of the wavelengthconversion element 61 is easily transferred to the first cooling device64. Accordingly, the cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversionelement 61 can be further improved.

The working fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase at theend portion of the space 641 of the first cooling device 64 easily movesto the liquid retaining part 644 with the centrifugal force generated bythe rotation of the supporting body 611. Accordingly, it is possible tocause the cycle of the change from the gas phase to the liquid phase andto the gas phase of the working fluid in the first cooling device 64 tomore efficiently progress.

Since the cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 isimproved, the supporting body 611 can be reduced in size. Since thewavelength conversion device 6 does not include a cooling fin or thelike, wind noise and the like less easily occur. Noise during operationcan be reduced compared with when the wavelength conversion device 6includes the cooling fin or the like. Further, since the coolingefficiency of the first cooling device 64 is improved, it is possible tosuppress occurrence of a deficiency in the wavelength conversion device6 due to overheat.

The first cooling device 64 of the wavelength conversion device 6 mayinclude a not-shown cooling fin. In this case, heat radiation from thecondenser 646 of the first cooling device 64 is facilitated by thecooling fin. The cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 64 canbe further improved. The cooling fin may be separated from the firstcooling device 64 and attached to the first cooling device 64 or may beintegrated with the first cooling device 64.

In the illumination device 41, the cooling efficiency is improved forheat generation involved in conversion of the wavelength of lightemitted from the light source 51 functioning as the light source.Deterioration in the wavelength conversion efficiency can be suppressed.Since the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 64 is improved,it is possible to suppress occurrence of a deficiency in theillumination device 41 due to overheat.

In the projector 1, deterioration in the wavelength conversionefficiency is suppressed and the illumination efficiency can bestabilized. Since the projector 1 further includes the cooling fan 9that blows air to the first cooling device 64, the cooling efficiencyfor the wavelength conversion element 61 is further improved. Theillumination efficiency of the projector 1 can be more stabilized.Further, since the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 64 isimproved, it is possible to suppress occurrence of a deficiency in theprojector 1 due to overheat.

2. Second Embodiment

In a second embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 602 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 602according to this embodiment, a form of a first cooling device isdifferentiated from that in the wavelength conversion device 6 in thefirst embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as the components inthe first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals andsigns and redundant explanation of the components is omitted.

2.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Device

The configuration of a first cooling device 65 in the wavelengthconversion device 602 according to this embodiment is explained withreference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 65 according to the secondembodiment. FIG. 8 is a sectional schematic view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 65. In FIG. 8, a cross sectionof a dividing surface VL2 shown in FIG. 7 viewed from the −Y directionis shown.

As shown in FIG. 7, the first cooling device 65 includes an inclinedsurface 659. The first cooling device 65 in this embodiment is differentfrom the first cooling device 64 in the first embodiment in that ahousing of the first cooling device 65 includes the inclined surface659.

As shown in FIG. 8, the first cooling device 65 includes the inclinedsurface 659 and includes, on the inside, a space 651 having a shapeconforming to the shape of the inclined surface 659. Working fluid isencapsulated in the space 651. The first cooling device 65 includes, inthe space 651, an evaporator 652 and a condenser 656. A liquid retainingpart 654 is provided in the evaporator 652 disposed at the outer edgeside of the space 651. The condenser 656 includes a region at therotation axis Rx side of the space 651. As the working fluid, the samesubstance as the substance in the first embodiment can be adopted. Asthe liquid retaining part 654, the same configuration as theconfiguration in the first embodiment can be adopted.

When a direction from the first surface 611A to the second surface 611Balong the rotation axis Rx is represented as a first direction, thefirst direction is the +X direction. The inclined surface 659 isinclined in a portion located in the +X direction such that the lengthof the space 651 along the +X direction increases from the outer edgeside toward the rotation axis Rx side.

Specifically, the sectional shape along an XY plane of the space 651 isformed in a substantially trapezoidal shape by the inclined surface 659.Of a pair of bottom sides of the substantially trapezoidal shape, thelength of the lower base in contact with the supporting body 611 islarger than the length of the upper base. Accordingly, in the space 651,a region at the outer edge side where the liquid retaining part 654 isprovided is narrow and a region at the rotation axis Rx side includingthe condenser 656 is wide.

The first cooling device 65 of the wavelength conversion device 602 mayinclude a not-shown cooling fin. In this case, heat radiation from thecondenser 656 of the first cooling device 65 is facilitated by thecooling fin. Cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 65 can beimproved. The cooling fin may be separated from the first cooling device65 and attached to the first cooling device 65 or may be integrated withthe first cooling device 65.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 602 accordingto the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the first embodiment.

In the space 651, the region at the outer edge side is formed narrowwith respect to the region at the rotation axis Rx side. Accordingly,the condenser 656 is wide with respect to the evaporator 652 includingthe liquid retaining part 654. The working fluid in the gas phase easilycondensates. In other words, the working fluid in the gas phase easilyradiates heat. The working fluid in the liquid phase changed from theworking fluid in the gas phase easily moves to the liquid retaining part654 along the inclined surface 659 with a centrifugal force.Consequently, the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 65 canbe further improved.

3. Third Embodiment

In a third embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 603 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 603according to this embodiment, a form of a first cooling device isdifferentiated from that in the wavelength conversion device 6 in thefirst embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as the components inthe first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals andsigns and redundant explanation of the components is omitted.

3.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Device

The configuration of a first cooling device 66 in the wavelengthconversion device 603 according to this embodiment is explained withreference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 66 according to the thirdembodiment. FIG. 10 is a sectional schematic view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 66. In FIG. 10, a crosssection of a dividing surface VL3 shown in FIG. 9 viewed from the −Ydirection is shown.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first cooling device 66 includes a plurality offins 667 a, 667 b, 667 c, and 667 d. In the following explanation, theplurality of fins 667 a, 667 b, 667 c, and 667 d are simply referred toas plurality of fins 667 as well. A plurality of grooves 669 areprovided in the plurality of fins 667. The first cooling device 66 inthis embodiment is different from the first cooling device 64 in thefirst embodiment in that the first cooling device 66 includes theplurality of fins 667 and the plurality of grooves 669 are provided inthe plurality of fins 667.

When a direction from the first surface 611A to the second surface 611Balong the rotation axis Rx is represented as a first direction, thefirst direction is the +X direction. The plurality of fins 667 aredisposed in parts located in the +X direction in the first coolingdevice 66. In other words, the plurality of fins 667 are provided at the+X direction side and disposed along a rotating direction of thesupporting body 611. Specifically, the fin 667 d is disposedsubstantially circularly along the outer edge of the supporting body 611in a plan view from the +X direction. The fin 667 c is disposedsubstantially circularly at the inner side, which is the rotation axisRx side of the fin 667 d. The fin 667 b is disposed substantiallycircularly at the inner side of the fin 667 c. The fin 667 a is disposedsubstantially circularly at the inner side of the fin 667 b. In otherwords, the fin 667 d to the fin 667 a are disposed in order from theouter edge of the supporting body 611 toward the rotation axis Rx.

The plurality of grooves 669 are provided in the plurality of fins 667to divide each of the plurality of fins 667. As the plurality of grooves669, twelve grooves are radially formed from the rotation axis Rx sideof the supporting body 611 toward the outer edge side of the supportingbody 611 in the first cooling device 66. The plurality of grooves 669are curved with respect to a straight line connecting the rotation axisRx and the outer edge of the supporting body 611, in other words, thenormal of the outer edge of the supporting body 611 in the plan viewfrom the +X direction.

The curve of the plurality of grooves 669 is designed such that, whenthe supporting body 611 turns counterclockwise in the plan view from the+X direction, air flows to be discharged from the rotating device 63side to the outer edge side of the supporting body 611 through theplurality of grooves 669. Consequently, heated air less easily flowstoward the rotating device 63. Overheat of the rotating device 63 can besuppressed. The curve of the plurality of grooves 669 only has to bedesigned according to a direction in which the supporting body 611 turnsand is not limited to the above. The numbers of the plurality of fins667 and the plurality of grooves 669 are not limited to the above.

As shown in FIG. 10, the first cooling device 66 includes a space 661having a shape conforming to the shape of the plurality of fins 667.Working fluid is encapsulated in the space 661. The first cooling device66 includes an evaporator 662 and a condenser 666 in the space 661. Aliquid retaining part 664 is provided in the evaporator 662 disposed atthe outer edge side of the space 661. The condenser 666 includes aregion at the rotation axis Rx side of the space 661. As the workingfluid, the same substance as the substance in the first embodiment canbe adopted. As the liquid retaining part 664, the same configuration asthe configuration in the first embodiment can be adopted.

Each of the plurality of fins 667 is formed in a shape sharpened at the+X direction side. As opposed to the plurality of fins 667 being dividedby the plurality of grooves 669, the space 661 communicates withoutbeing divided by the plurality of grooves 669.

The first cooling device 66 of the wavelength conversion device 603 mayinclude a not-shown cooling fin. In this case, heat radiation from thecondenser 666 of the first cooling device 66 is facilitated by thecooling fin. Cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 66 can beimproved. The cooling fin may be separated from the first cooling device66 and attached to the first cooling device 66 or may be integrated withthe first cooling device 66.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 603 accordingto the third embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the first embodiment.

The working fluid in the liquid phase easily moves to the liquidretaining part 664 along the inner surface of the space 661 at theplurality of fins 667 side with a centrifugal force generated byrotation of the supporting body 611. The plurality of fins 667 aredivided and the surface areas of the plurality of fins 667 are expandedby the plurality of grooves 669. Air easily flows to the plurality ofgrooves 669 according to the rotation of the supporting body 611.Accordingly, heat radiation from the first cooling device 66 isfacilitated. Consequently, the cooling efficiency of the first coolingdevice 66 can be further improved.

4. Fourth Embodiment

In a fourth embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 604 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 604according to this embodiment, a form of first cooling devices isdifferentiated from that in the wavelength conversion device 6 in thefirst embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as the components inthe first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals andsigns and redundant explanation of the components is omitted.

4.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Devices

The configuration of a plurality of first cooling devices 67 a in thewavelength conversion device 604 according to this embodiment isexplained with reference to FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a perspective viewshowing the configuration of the first cooling devices 67 a according tothe fourth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11, the plurality of first cooling devices 67 a areprovided side by side in a rotating direction. The plurality of firstcooling devices 67 a respectively extend from the rotation axis Rx sideof the supporting body 611 to the outer edge side of the supporting body611. Specifically, in the wavelength conversion device 604, on thesecond surface 611B of the supporting body 611, eight first coolingdevices 67 a are radially disposed from the rotation axis Rx side of thesupporting body 611 toward the outer edge side of the supporting body611. The first cooling devices 67 a include, on the insides, not-shownspaces in which working fluid is encapsulated and cool the wavelengthconversion device 604. In the first cooling devices 67 a, substantiallybar-shaped heat pipes are adopted instead of the first cooling device 64in the first embodiment. The number of the first cooling devices 67 a isnot limited to eight.

The first cooling devices 67 a are crushed in the ±X direction bypressing. Surfaces along a YZ plane of the first cooling devices 67 aare formed flat. Accordingly, compare with when the pressing is notapplied, a contact area of the first cooling devices 67 a and the secondsurface 611B of the supporting body 611 increases. Consequently,exchange of heat can be facilitated between the supporting body 611 andthe first cooling devices 67 a. The pressing in the first coolingdevices 67 a is not essential. The pressing may be omitted when theexchange of heat is sufficiently performed between the supporting body611 and the first cooling devices 67 a.

As a material forming the first cooling devices 67 a, metal such ascoper having thermal conductivity is adopted. The working fluid isencapsulated in the spaces of the first cooling devices 67 a in adecompressed state. Accordingly, the working fluid evaporates at aboiling point lower than the boiling point under the atmosphericpressure. Water can be adopted as the working fluid. A publicly-knownheat pipe can be adopted as the first cooling devices 67 a.

Although not shown in FIG. 11, the first cooling devices 67 a includeevaporators and condensers in the spaces on the insides. The evaporatorsare disposed at the outer edge side of the spaces. The condensers aredisposed at the rotation axis Rx side of the spaces. The evaporatorsinclude liquid retaining parts. The liquid retaining parts are disposedin positions corresponding to the wavelength conversion element 61. Inother words, the evaporators of the first cooling devices 67 a aredisposed in parts corresponding to the not-shown wavelength conversionelement 61 on the first surface 611A. Accordingly, heat of thewavelength conversion element 61 is transferred to the evaporators viathe supporting body 611. The working fluid in the liquid phaseevaporates mainly in the liquid retaining parts of the evaporators withthe heat. The working fluid in the liquid phase changes to the workingfluid in the gas phase. At this time, the heat of the wavelengthconversion element 61 is absorbed via the supporting body 611 and thewavelength conversion element 61 is cooled by the heat of vaporizationof the working fluid in the liquid phase.

The working fluid changed from the liquid phase to the gas phase mainlymoves to the rotation axis Rx side and reaches the condensers. Thecondensers condense the working fluid in the gas phase and change theworking fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in the liquid phase.At this time, the working fluid in the gas phase radiates heat andcondenses. The heat radiated from the working fluid in the gas phase isdischarged to the outside of the first cooling devices 67 a from thecondensers.

The working fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase mainlymoves to the evaporators. During the operation of the first coolingdevices 67 a, since the rotating device 63 is turning the supportingbody 611, a centrifugal force is generated to the outer edge side of thesupporting body 611. Consequently, the centrifugal force acts on theworking fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase. Movementto the outer edge side of the working fluid is facilitated. In this way,the first cooling devices 67 a enable cooling by transfer of heat bycontinuously and repeatedly expressing evaporation and condensation ofthe working fluid.

In this embodiment, the length direction in the first cooling devices 67a having a substantially bar shape is arranged to coincide with thenormal of the outer edge of the supporting body 611 in the plan viewfrom the +X direction. However, not only this, but the length directionin the substantially bar-shaped first cooling devices 67 a may bearranged to cross the normal.

The plurality of first cooling devices 67 a of the wavelength conversiondevice 604 may respectively include not-shown cooling fins. In thiscase, heat radiation from the condensers of the respective plurality offirst cooling devices 67 a is facilitated by the cooling fins. Coolingefficiency of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 a can beimproved. The cooling fins may be separated from the respectiveplurality of first cooling devices 67 a and attached to the firstcooling devices 67 a or may be integrated with the respective pluralityof first cooling devices 67 a.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 604 accordingto the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the first embodiment.

The cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 can beimproved and the first cooling devices 67 a can be reduced in size.

5. Fifth Embodiment

In a fifth embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 605 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 605according to this embodiment, a form of first cooling devices isdifferentiated from that in the wavelength conversion device 604 in thefourth embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as the components inthe fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals andsigns and redundant explanation of the components is omitted.

5.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Devices

The configuration of a plurality of first cooling devices 67 b in thewavelength conversion device 605 according to this embodiment isexplained with reference to FIG. 12. FIG. 12 is a perspective viewshowing the configuration of the first cooling devices 67 b according tothe fifth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 12, the wavelength conversion device 605 includes theplurality of first cooling devices 67 b. Each of the plurality of firstcooling devices 67 b is bent in a plan view from the +X direction.Specifically, in the wavelength conversion device 605, on the secondsurface 611B of the supporting body 611, eight first cooling devices 67b are radially disposed from the rotation axis Rx side of the supportingbody 611 toward the outer edge side of the supporting body 611. In thefirst cooling devices 67 b, bent heat pipes are adopted instead of thefirst cooling devices 67 a in the fourth embodiment. The first coolingdevices 67 b are formed flat in the ±X direction by the pressingexplained above.

The first cooling devices 67 b include, on the insides, not-shown spacesin which working fluid is encapsulated and cool the wavelengthconversion device 605. The number of the first cooling devices 67 b isnot limited to eight. As a material forming the first cooling devices 67b, metal such as copper having thermal conductivity is adopted. Theworking fluid is encapsulated in the spaces of the first cooling devices67 b in a decompressed state. Accordingly, the working fluid evaporatesat a low boiling point compared with the boiling point under theatmospheric pressure. Water can be adopted as the working fluid. Apublicly-known heat pipe can be adopted as the first cooling devices 67b.

Although not shown in FIG. 12, the first cooling devices 67 b includeevaporators and condensers in the spaces on the inside. The evaporatorsinclude liquid retaining parts. The evaporators are disposed at theouter edge side of the spaces. The condensers are disposed at therotation axis Rx side of the spaces.

The first cooling devices 67 b are bent in a surface along the YZ planeby the bending. When seen through from the +X direction, the wavelengthconversion element 61 on the first surface 611A and parts at the outeredge side in the first cooling devices 67 b obliquely cross.Consequently, heat of the wavelength conversion element 61 is easilytransferred to the evaporators of the first cooling devices 67 b. In thewavelength conversion device 605, the supporting body 611 is turnedclockwise and used in the plan view from the +X direction.

The pressing in the first cooling devices 67 b is not essential. Thepressing may be omitted when exchange of heat is sufficiently performedbetween the supporting body 611 and the first cooling devices 67 b.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 605 accordingto the fifth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the fourth embodiment.

In the plan view from the +X direction of the wavelength conversiondevice 605, regions where the wavelength conversion element 61 and theplurality of first cooling devices 67 b overlap are enlarged comparedwith the first cooling devices 67 a in the fourth embodiment. In otherwords, the heat of the wavelength conversion element 61 can be easilytransferred to the first cooling devices 67 b.

The plurality of first cooling devices 67 b of the wavelength conversiondevice 605 may respectively include not-shown cooling fins. In thiscase, heat radiation from the condensers of the respective plurality offirst cooling devices 67 b is facilitated by the cooling fins. Coolingefficiency of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b can beimproved. The cooling fins may be separated from the respectiveplurality of first cooling devices 67 b and attached to the firstcooling devices 67 b or may be integrated with the respective pluralityof first cooling devices 67 b.

6. Sixth Embodiment

In a sixth embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 606 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 606according to this embodiment, a setting posture of first cooling devicesis differentiated from that in the wavelength conversion device 605 inthe fifth embodiment. Accordingly, the same components as the componentsin the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals andsigns and redundant explanation of the components is omitted.

6.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Devices

The configuration of a plurality of first cooling devices 67 c in thewavelength conversion device 606 according to this embodiment isexplained with reference to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a perspective viewshowing the configuration of the first cooling devices 67 c according tothe sixth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 13, the wavelength conversion device 606 includes theplurality of first cooling devices 67 c. The end portions at therotation axis Rx side of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 c arebent in a direction away from the second surface 611B of the supportingbody 611 in the +X direction. Specifically, in the first cooling devices67 c, the same cooling devices as the first cooling devices 67 b in thefifth embodiment are used. The first cooling devices 67 c are set in aposture in which side surfaces with respect to flat surfaces are incontact with the second surface 611B. Therefore, in the first coolingdevices 67 c, the side surfaces are set in contact with the secondsurface 611B at the outer edge side of the first cooling devices 67 c,whereby the end portions are separated from the second surface 611B atthe rotation axis Rx side of the first cooling devices 67 c. Thissetting posture is different from the setting posture in the fifthembodiment. In the wavelength conversion device 606, the supporting body611 is turned counterclockwise in the plan view from the +X direction.

The plurality of first cooling devices 67 c of the wavelength conversiondevice 606 may respectively include not-shown cooling fins. In thiscase, heat radiation from the condensers of the respective plurality offirst cooling devices 67 c is facilitated by the cooling fins. Coolingefficiency of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 c can beimproved. The cooling fins may be separated from the respectiveplurality of first cooling devices 67 c and attached to the firstcooling devices 67 c or may be integrated with the respective pluralityof first cooling devices 67 c.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 606 accordingto the sixth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the fifth embodiment.

Heat is less easily propagated to the end portions of the first coolingdevices 67 c at the rotation axis Rx side from the supporting body 611.Accordingly, the change from the working fluid in the gas phase to theworking fluid in the liquid phase is facilitated around the end portionsin the spaces on the insides of the first cooling devices 67 c.Consequently, it is possible further improve cooling efficiency for thefirst cooling devices 67 c.

7. Seventh Embodiment

In a seventh embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 607 included inthe illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 607according to this embodiment, a first heat transfer member 671 and asecond heat transfer member 672 are added to the wavelength conversiondevice 605 in the fifth embodiment. Accordingly, the same components asthe components in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same referencenumerals and signs and redundant explanation of the components isomitted.

7.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Devices

The configuration of the wavelength conversion device 607 according tothis embodiment is explained with reference to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is aperspective view showing the configuration of the wavelength conversiondevice 607 according to the seventh embodiment.

The wavelength conversion device 607 includes, as shown in FIG. 14, thefirst heat transfer member 671 and the second heat transfer member 672.Specifically, the first heat transfer member 671 and the second heattransfer member 672 are annularly disposed between the plurality offirst cooling devices 67 b and the second surface 611B. The first heattransfer member 671 and the second heat transfer member 672 have a ringshape and are disposed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect tothe rotation axis Rx of the supporting body 611. As a material formingthe first heat transfer member 671 and the second heat transfer member672, metal such as copper or aluminum having thermal conductivity isadopted. The first heat transfer member 671 and the second heat transfermember 672 are attached to the supporting body 611 and the plurality offirst cooling devices 67 b using brazing, an adhesive, or the like.

The first heat transfer member 671 is coupled to positions correspondingto not-shown evaporators in the first cooling devices 67 b. In otherwords, the first heat transfer member 671 is coupled to the outer edgeside of the first cooling devices 67 b. The second heat transfer member672 is coupled to parts at the rotation axis Rx side in the firstcooling devices 67 b. In other words, the plurality of first coolingdevices 67 b are not directly coupled to the second surface 611B of thesupporting body 611 and are coupled to the second surface 611B via thefirst heat transfer member 671 and the second heat transfer member 672.In other words, the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b are coupledto the first heat transfer member 671 and the second heat transfermember 672 and disposed with gaps between the first cooling devices 67 band the second surface 611B. When the wavelength conversion device 607is assembled, first, the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b areattached to the first heat transfer member 671 and the second heattransfer member 672 to forma subunit. Thereafter, the subunit isattached to the supporting body 611. Consequently, assemblability can beimproved.

Although not shown in FIG. 14, the wavelength conversion device 607 mayfurther include a cooling fin disposed in the second heat transfermember 672.

As in the wavelength conversion device 605 in the fifth embodiment, theplurality of first cooling devices 67 b of the wavelength conversiondevice 607 may respectively include not-shown cooling fins. In thiscase, heat radiation from the condensers of the respective plurality offirst cooling devices 67 b is facilitated by the cooling fins. Thecooling efficiency of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b can befurther improved.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 607 accordingto the seventh embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the fifth embodiment.

Deviation of a distribution of heat is reduced among the respectiveevaporators included in the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b.Deviation of a distribution of heat is also reduced among the respectivecondensers included in the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b.Accordingly, the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b easilyuniformly operate. The cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversionelement 61 can be further improved.

When a cooling fin is disposed in the second heat transfer member 672,heat radiation from the condensers of the respective plurality of firstcooling devices 67 b is facilitated by the cooling fin. The coolingefficiency of the plurality of first cooling devices 67 b can be furtherimproved.

8. Eighth Embodiment

In an eighth embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 608 a includedin the illumination device 41 of the projector 1 is explained withreference to the drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 608 aaccording to this embodiment, cooling fins 680 are added to the firstcooling device 64 in the first embodiment. Accordingly, the samecomponents as the components in the first embodiment are denoted by thesame reference numerals and signs and redundant explanation of thecomponents is omitted.

8.1. Configuration of the First Cooling Device

The configuration of a first cooling device 68 in the wavelengthconversion device 608 a according to this embodiment is explained withreference to FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 68 according to the eighthembodiment. FIG. 16 is a sectional schematic view showing theconfiguration of the first cooling device 68. FIG. 16 shows a crosssection of a dividing surface VL4 shown in FIG. 15 viewed from the −Ydirection.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the wavelength conversion device 608 aincludes the first cooling device 68. The first cooling device 68includes, on the inside, a space 681 in which working fluid isencapsulated and a plurality of cooling fins 680. The plurality ofcooling fins 680 are provided on the +X direction side of the firstcooling device 68.

As the plurality of cooling fins 680, as shown in FIG. 15, twelvecooling fins 680 are radially formed at the outer circumference side ofthe rotating device 63 from the rotation axis Rx side of the supportingbody 611 toward the outer edge side of the supporting body 611. Each ofthe plurality of cooing fins 680 is obliquely disposed to cross thenormal of the outer edge of the supporting body 611 in the plan viewfrom the +X direction.

The plurality of cooling fins 680 are designed such that, when thesupporting body 611 turns counterclockwise in the plan view from the +Xdirection, air is fed from the rotating device 63 side to the outer edgeside of the supporting body 611 and discharged by the plurality ofcooling fins 680. Consequently, heated air less easily flows to therotating device 63. Overheat of the rotating device 63 can besuppressed. The disposition of the plurality of cooling fins 680 onlyhas to be designed according to a direction in which the supporting body611 turns. The disposition is not limited to the above. The number ofthe cooling fins 680 is not limited to the above.

As shown in FIG. 16, the first cooling device 68 include the space 681on the inside. A cross section along the XZ plane of the space 681 issubstantially rectangular. The space 681 is disposed with thelongitudinal direction thereof being in contact with the supporting body611. The space 681 is a space communicating in a ring shape. The firstcooling device 68 includes, in the space 681, an evaporator 682 and ancondenser 686. A liquid retaining part 684 is provided in the evaporator682 disposed at the outer edge side of the space 681. The condenser 686includes a region at the rotation axis Rx side of the space 681.Accordingly, when air is discharged from the rotating device 63 side tothe outer edge side of the supporting body 611 by the plurality ofcooling fins 680, the rotating device 63 side is cooled and heatradiation in the condenser 686 is facilitated. As the working fluid, thesame substance as the substance in the first embodiment can be adopted.As the liquid retaining part 684, the same configuration as theconfiguration in the first embodiment can be adopted.

The plurality of cooling fins 680 are designed such that the sectionalshape of the cooling fins 680 is bent and an amount of the airdischarged during the turning of the supporting body 611 increases. Sucha shape of the plurality of cooling fins 680 can be formed by skivingfor a main body of the first cooling device 68.

A wavelength conversion device 608 b, which is another configuration ofthe wavelength conversion device 608 a in the eighth embodiment, isexplained with reference to FIG. 17. FIG. 17 is a perspective viewshowing the other configuration of the first cooling device 68.

The wavelength conversion device 608 b according to the eighthembodiment is different from the wavelength conversion device 608 a inthat a ring is attached to the first cooling device 68. Accordingly, thesame components as the components of the wavelength conversion device608 a are denoted by the same reference numerals and signs and redundantexplanation of the components is omitted.

In the wavelength conversion device 608 b, as shown in FIG. 17, a flatring 689 is attached to the first cooling device 68. Specifically, thering 689 is disposed at the +X direction side of the plurality ofcooling fins 680. In the plan view from the +X direction, the outer edgeof the ring 689 substantially overlaps the outer edge of the supportingbody 611. On the rotating device 63 side, which is the ring 689 innerside, the rotating device 63 and a part of the plurality of cooling fins680 are exposed to the +X direction side.

Consequently, when the supporting body 611 turns, a flow of the airdischarged from the rotating device 63 side is aligned and the dischargeof the air is facilitated.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion devices 608 a and 608b according to the eighth embodiment, the following effects can beobtained in addition to the effects in the first embodiment.

The heat radiation from the condenser 686 of the first cooling device 68is facilitated by the plurality of cooling fins 680. Cooling efficiencyof the first cooling device 68 can be improved.

Since the ring 689 is attached to the first cooling device 68, thedischarge of the air from the rotating device 63 side is facilitated.The cooling efficiency of the first cooling device 68 can be furtherimproved.

9. Ninth Embodiment

In this embodiment, a wavelength conversion device 609 included in theillumination device 41 of the projector is explained with reference tothe drawings. In the wavelength conversion device 609 according to thisembodiment, a second cooling device 69 is added to the first coolingdevice 64 in the first embodiment. Accordingly, the same components asthe components in the first embodiment are denoted by the same referencenumerals and signs and redundant explanation of the components isomitted.

9.1. Configuration of the Wavelength Conversion Device

The configuration of the wavelength conversion device 609 according tothis embodiment is explained with reference to FIGS. 18, 19, and 20.FIGS. 18 and 19 are perspective views showing the configuration of thewavelength conversion device 609 according to the ninth embodiment. FIG.20 is a sectional schematic view showing the configuration of thewavelength conversion device 609. FIG. 20 shows a cross section of adividing surface VL5 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 viewed from the −Ydirection.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the wavelength conversion device 609further includes the second cooling device 69 provided on the firstsurface 611A. The second cooling device 69 is annularly disposed at therotation axis Rx side with respect to the wavelength conversion element61. The second cooling device 69 is formed in a ring shape in the planview from the −X direction. Like the wavelength conversion element 61and the first cooling device 64, the second cooling device 69 isdisposed on the first surface 611A of the supporting body 611 to berotationally symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis Rx.

The second cooling device 69 includes, on the inside of a housingthereof, a space 691 in which working fluid is encapsulated and receivesheat from the first cooling device 64. The second cooling device 69includes, as shown in FIG. 20, in the space 691, an evaporator 692including a liquid retaining part 694 and a condenser 696. The secondcooling device 69 is disposed such that the evaporator 692 correspondsto a part on the rotation axis side of the first cooling device 64. Inother words, the liquid retaining part 694 of the second cooling device69 is disposed in a part not overlapping, in the ±X direction, a partwhere the liquid retaining part 644 of the first cooling device 64 isdisposed.

The space 691 extends to the rotation axis Rx side from the outer edgeside of the substantially disk-shaped supporting body 611. The sectionalshape along the XZ plane of the space 691 is a substantially rectangularshape, the dimension in the ±Z direction of which is relatively large,in FIG. 20. Although not shown in FIG. 20, the space 691 is provided tocommunicate in a ring shape along the external shape of the ring-shapedsecond cooling device 69. As the second cooling device 69, the samematerial as the material forming the first cooling device 64 is adopted.

The working fluid is encapsulated in the space 691 in a decompressedstate. Accordingly, the working fluid evaporates at a low boiling pointcompared with the boiling point under the atmospheric pressure. Watercan be adopted as the working fluid.

The evaporator 692 evaporates the working fluid in the liquid phase withheat transferred from the wavelength conversion element 61 via the firstcooling device 64 and changes the working fluid in the liquid phase tothe working fluid in the gas phase. The evaporator 692 includes theliquid retaining part 694 that retains the working fluid in the liquidphase. The evaporator 692 is a part including a region where the liquidretaining part 694 is disposed. The condenser 696 condenses the workingfluid in the gas phase and changes the working fluid in the gas phase tothe working fluid in the liquid phase. The condenser 696 includes aregion at the rotation axis Rx side in the space 691.

The liquid retaining part 694 has a ring-like external shape. Theworking fluid in the liquid phase permeates and is retained in theliquid retaining part 694. Accordingly, as the liquid retaining part694, a porous body including a plurality of holes or a molded body offiber is adopted such that the working fluid in the liquid phasepermeates. As the liquid retaining part 694, the same configuration asthe configuration of the liquid retaining part 644 of the first coolingdevice 64 can be adopted.

The positions of the part of the evaporator 692 and the part of thecondenser 696 excluding the liquid retaining part 694 change dependingon an operation state or the like of the second cooling device 69. Inthis embodiment, the liquid retaining part 694 is disposed only on awall surface at the +X direction side in the space 691. However, thedisposition of the liquid retaining part 694 is not limited to this.

With these configurations, heat H1 transferred from the wavelengthconversion element 61 to the first cooling device 64 is radiated by thecondenser 646 of the first cooling device 64 and thereafter transferredto the second cooling device 69 via the supporting body 611 as heat H3.A part of the heat of the wavelength conversion element 61 is directlytransferred to the second cooling device 69 via the supporting body 611as heat H2.

The heat H2 and the heat H3 transferred to the second cooling device 69are transferred to the evaporator 692 in the space 691. The evaporator692 evaporates, with the heat H2 and the heat H3 transferred from thewavelength conversion element 61, the working fluid in the liquid phaseretained in the liquid retaining part 694 and changes the working fluidin the liquid phase to the working fluid in the gas phase. At this time,the heat H2 and the heat H3 are absorbed by the heat of vaporization ofthe working fluid in the liquid phase in the space 691. Consequently,heat radiation in the condenser 646 of the first cooling device 64 isfacilitated. In addition, the wavelength conversion element 61 isdirectly cooled via the supporting body 611.

The working fluid change from the liquid phase to the gas phase retainsthe heat H2 and the heat H3 transferred from the wavelength conversionelement 61, moves in the −Z direction mainly as a flow G3, and reachesthe condenser 696. The condenser 696 condenses the working fluid in thegas phase and changes the working fluid in the gas phase to the workingfluid in the liquid phase. At this time, the working fluid in the gasphase radiates heat and condenses. The heat radiated from the workingfluid in the gas phase is radiated to the outside of the second coolingdevice 69 from the condenser 696.

The working fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase movesto the outer edge side of the supporting body 611, that is, theevaporator 692 in the +Z direction in FIG. 20 mainly as a flow L3.During the operation of the second cooling device 69, since the rotatingdevice 63 is turning the supporting body 611, a centrifugal force isgenerated to the outer edge side of the supporting body 611, in otherwords, in the +Z direction in FIG. 20. Consequently, the centrifugalforce acts on the working fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquidphase. The movement of the working fluid in the +Z direction isfacilitated. The working fluid in the liquid phase moved to theevaporator 692 is retained by the liquid retaining part 694. In thisway, like the first cooling device 64, the second cooling device 69 is aso-called vapor chamber. The second cooling device 69 enables cooling bytransfer of heat by continuously and repeatedly expressing theevaporation and the condensation of the working fluid.

The flows G3 and L3 indicate main lines of flow of the working fluid.The flow of the working fluid is not limited to the flows G3 and L3. Forexample, the working fluid in the gas phase generated in the liquidretaining part 694 may be condensed on the inner wall opposed to theliquid retaining part 694 in the ±X direction in the space 691.

Like the liquid retaining part 644 of the first cooling device 64, theliquid retaining part 694 is not provided at the end portion on therotation axis Rx side in the space 691. The liquid retaining part 694 isnot provided on the inner wall at the −X direction side in the space691. Further, the liquid retaining part 694 is not provided between theend portion at the rotation axis Rx side and a portion substantially inthe middle in the ±Z direction of the second cooling device 69 on theinner wall at the +X direction side in the space 691. A centrifugalforce toward the outer edge side is generated by the rotation of thewavelength conversion device 609. With the centrifugal force, theworking fluid changed from the gas phase to the liquid phase movestoward the evaporator 692 located at the outer edge side, that is,toward the liquid retaining part 694. At this time, since a liquidretaining part is absent in a path on which the working fluid in theliquid phase receives the centrifugal force and moves, compared withwhen the liquid retaining part is present in the path, it is possible tomore quickly move the working fluid in the liquid phase to the liquidretaining part 694 of the evaporator 692. Therefore, a cycle of thechange from the gas phase to the liquid phase and to the gas phase ofthe working fluid efficiently progresses in the second cooling device69. Consequently, it is possible to further improve the coolingefficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 by the first coolingdevice 64.

In the wavelength conversion device 609 in this embodiment, at least oneof the first cooling device 64 and the second cooling device 69 mayinclude a cooling fin. The cooling efficiency for the wavelengthconversion element 61 can be further improved by the cooling fin.Examples of the cooling fin include the plurality of cooling fins 680 inthe eighth embodiment.

As explained above, with the wavelength conversion device 609 accordingto the ninth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained inaddition to the effects in the first embodiment.

The cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element 61 can befurther improved by the second cooling device 69. Specifically, the heatH3 from the condenser 646 of the first cooling device 64 is easilytransferred to the evaporator 692 of the second cooling device 69.Accordingly, the heat radiation from the condenser 646 of the firstcooling device 64 is facilitated. The cooling efficiency of the firstcooling device 64 can be further improved.

The heat H2 is directly transferred from the wavelength conversionelement 61 to the second cooling device 69 not via the first coolingdevice 64. Consequently, the cooling efficiency for the wavelengthconversion element 61 can be further improved.

The second cooling device 69 of the wavelength conversion device 609 inthis embodiment is applicable to the wavelength conversion devices inthe embodiments explained above. For example, the wavelength conversiondevice 6 in the first embodiment, the wavelength conversion device 602in the second embodiment, the wavelength conversion device 603 in thethird embodiment, the wavelength conversion device 604 in the fourthembodiment, and the wavelength conversion device 605 in the fifthembodiment may further include the second cooling device 69 in thisembodiment. Consequently, the heat radiation from the condenser 646 ofthe first cooling device 64 is facilitated. The cooling efficiency ofthe first cooling device 64 can be further improved.

Contents derived from the embodiments are explained below.

A wavelength conversion device includes: a rotating device; a substrateincluding a first surface and a second surface disposed at an oppositeside of the first surface, the substrate being rotated by the rotatingdevice; a wavelength conversion element provided on the first surfaceand configured to convert a wavelength of light made incident thereon;and a first cooling device provided on the second surface, including, onan inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated, the firstcooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element. The firstcooling device is disposed in a position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element. The space extends from an outer edge side of thesubstrate to a rotation axis side. The first cooling device includes, inthe space, an evaporator configured to evaporate the working fluid in aliquid phase with heat transferred from the wavelength conversionelement and change the working fluid in the liquid phase to the workingfluid in a gas phase and a condenser configured to condense the workingfluid in the gas phase and change the working fluid in the gas phase tothe working fluid in the liquid phase. The evaporator includes a liquidretaining part configured to retain the working fluid in the liquidphase. The liquid retaining part is provided at the outer edge side inthe space and disposed in the position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element.

With this configuration, it is possible to improve cooling efficiencyfor the wavelength conversion element, which is a phosphor from that inthe past, without increasing the wavelength conversion device in size.Specifically, the first cooling device is provided in the positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element across the substrate.In the first cooling device, the liquid retaining part is disposed inthe position corresponding to the wavelength conversion element.Therefore, the heat of the wavelength conversion element is transferredmainly to the liquid retaining part. Since the working fluid in theliquid phase is retained by the liquid retaining part, the working fluidin the liquid phase evaporates with the transferred heat and changes tothe working fluid in the gas phase. The heat of the wavelengthconversion element is absorbed and the wavelength conversion element iscooled by the heat of vaporization of the working fluid in the liquidphase at this time.

In the first cooling device, the working fluid changed from the liquidphase to the gas phase in the liquid retaining part moves to thecondenser. At this time, the heat transferred from the wavelengthconversion element is also transferred from the evaporator to thecondenser by the working fluid in the gas phase. In the condenser, theworking fluid in the gas phase radiates heat and condenses and changesfrom the working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in theliquid phase. The heat radiated by the condensation of the working fluidis radiated from the first cooling device.

The space of the first cooling device extends from the outer edge sideto the rotation axis side of the substrate. The liquid retaining part isprovided at the outer edge side of the space. Accordingly, the workingfluid in the liquid phase condensed at the rotation axis side in thespace of the condenser easily moves from the rotation axis side to theouter edge side with a centrifugal force generated by the rotation ofthe substrate. That is, after changing from the working fluid in the gasphase, the working fluid in the liquid phase is quickly returned to theliquid retaining part compared with when the centrifugal force does notact. Therefore, a cycle of the change from the gas phase to the liquidphase and to the gas phase of the working fluid efficiently progresses.Consequently, the cooling efficiency of the first cooling deviceincreases. It is possible to improve the cooling efficiency for thewavelength conversion element. In other words, it is possible to providethe wavelength conversion device with improved cooling efficiency forthe wavelength conversion element from that in the past.

In the wavelength conversion device, the first cooling device may beprovided along a shape of the wavelength conversion element.

With this configuration, since the shape of the first cooling deviceconforms to the shape of the wavelength conversion element, the heat ofthe wavelength conversion element is easily transferred to the firstcooling device. Accordingly, it is possible to further improve thecooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element.

In the wavelength conversion device, the liquid retaining part may notbe provided at an end portion at the rotation axis side in the space.

With this configuration, the working fluid changed from the gas phase tothe liquid phase at the end portion of the space of the first coolingdevice easily moves to the position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element with the centrifugal force generated by the rotationof the substrate. Accordingly, it is possible to cause the cycle of thechange from the gas phase to the liquid phase and to the gas phase ofthe working fluid in the first cooling device to more efficientlyprogress.

In the wavelength conversion device, when a direction from the firstsurface to the second surface along the rotation axis is represented asa first direction, the first cooling device may include, in a partlocated in the first direction, an inclined surface inclined such thatlength of the space along the first direction increases from the outeredge side toward the rotation axis side.

With this configuration, in the space, the outer edge side of thesubstrate is formed narrow with respect to the rotation axis side of thesubstrate. Accordingly, the condenser is wider with respect to theevaporator including the liquid retaining part. The working fluid in thegas phase easily condenses. In other words, the working fluid in the gasphase easily radiates heat. The working fluid in the liquid phasechanged from the working fluid in the gas phase easily moves to theliquid retaining part along the inclined surface. Consequently, it ispossible to further improve the cooling efficiency of the first coolingdevice.

In the wavelength conversion device, when a direction from the firstsurface to the second surface along the rotation axis is represented asa first direction, the first cooling device may include, in a partlocated in the first direction, a plurality of fins disposed along arotating direction of the substrate, and a plurality of grooves may beradially provided in the plurality of fins from the rotation axis sidetoward the outer edge side.

With this configuration, the working fluid in the liquid phase easilymoves to the liquid retaining part along the inner surface at the spaceside of the fins with the centrifugal force generated by the rotation ofthe substrate. The fins are divided by the grooves and the surface areasof the fins are enlarged. The air easily flows to the grooves accordingto the rotation of the substrate. Accordingly, the heat radiation fromthe first cooling device is facilitated. Consequently, it is possible tofurther improve the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device.

In the wavelength conversion device, a plurality of the first coolingdevices may be provided, and the plurality of first cooling devices mayrespectively extend from the rotation axis side to the outer edge side.

With this configuration, it is possible to improve the coolingefficiency for the wavelength conversion element and reduce the firstcooling device in size.

In the wavelength conversion device, the plurality of first coolingdevices may be bent.

With this configuration, in a plan view from the first direction of thewavelength conversion device, a region where the wavelength conversionelement and the plurality of first cooling devices overlap is enlarged.In other words, it is possible to easily transfer the heat of thewavelength conversion element to the first cooling device.

In the wavelength conversion device, end portions at the rotation axisside of the plurality of first cooling devices may be bent in adirection away from the substrate.

With this configuration, heat is less easily propagated to the endportions at the rotation axis side of the first cooling devices from thesubstrate. Accordingly, the change from the working fluid in the gasphase to the working fluid in the liquid phase is facilitated around theend portions in the spaces of the first cooling devices. Consequently,it is possible to further improve the cooling efficiency of the firstcooling devices.

The wavelength conversion device may further include: a first heattransfer member coupled to a position corresponding to the evaporatorsin the plurality of first cooling devices; and a second heat transfermember coupled to parts at the rotation axis side in the plurality offirst cooling devices.

With this configuration, deviation of a distribution of heat is reducedamong the respective evaporators included in the plurality of firstcooling devices. Deviation of a distribution of heat is also reducedamong the respective condensers included in the plurality of firstcooling devices. Accordingly, the plurality of first cooling deviceseasily equally operate. It is possible to further improve the coolingefficiency for the wavelength conversion element.

The wavelength conversion device may further include a cooling findisposed in the second heat transfer member.

With this configuration, heat radiation from the condensers of theplurality of first cooling devices is facilitated by the cooling fin. Itis possible to further improve the cooling efficiency of the pluralityof first cooling devices.

In the wavelength conversion device, the first cooling device mayinclude a cooling fin.

With this configuration, heat radiation from the condenser of the firstcooling device is facilitated by the cooling fin. It is possible tofurther improve the cooling efficiency of the first cooling device.

The wavelength conversion device may further include a second coolingdevice provided on the first surface. The second cooling device mayinclude, on an inside, a space in which the working fluid isencapsulated, include, in the space, an evaporator configured toevaporate the working fluid in the liquid phase with the heattransferred from the wavelength conversion element and change theworking fluid in the liquid phase to the working fluid in the gas phaseand a condenser configured to condense the working fluid in the gasphase and change the working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluidin the liquid phase. The second cooling device may be disposed such thatthe evaporator of the second cooling device corresponds to a part on therotation axis side of the first cooling device.

With this configuration, the cooling efficiency for the wavelengthconversion element can be further improved by the second cooling device.Specifically, heat transferred from the condenser of the first coolingdevice is easily transferred to the evaporator of the second coolingdevice. Accordingly, heat radiation from the condenser of the firstcooling device is facilitated. It is possible to further improve thecooling efficiency of the first cooling device.

In the wavelength conversion device, the second cooling device may bedisposed at the rotation axis side with respect to the wavelengthconversion element.

With this configuration, heat is directly transferred from thewavelength conversion element to the second cooling device not via thefirst cooling device. Consequently, it is possible to further improvethe cooling efficiency for the wavelength conversion element.

In the wavelength conversion device, at least one of the first coolingdevice and the second cooling device may include a cooling fin.

With this configuration, heat radiation from the condenser of at leastone of the first cooling device and the second cooling device can befacilitated by the cooling fin.

An illumination device according to an aspect of the present disclosureincludes: a light source configured to emit light having a firstwavelength band; and the wavelength conversion device configured toconvert a wavelength of the light emitted from the light source into asecond wavelength band different from the first wavelength band.

With this configuration, in the illumination device, cooling efficiencyis improved with respect to heat generation involved in the conversionof the wavelength of the light emitted from the light source.Deterioration in wavelength conversion efficiency can be suppressed.

A projector according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes:the illumination device; a light modulator configured to modulate lightemitted from the illumination device; and a projection optical deviceconfigured to project the light modulated by the light modulator.

With this configuration, in the projector, deterioration in wavelengthconversion efficiency is suppressed. Illumination efficiency can bestabilized.

The projector may further include a cooling fan configured to blow airto the first cooling device.

With this configuration, the cooling efficiency for the wavelengthconversion element is further improved. The illumination efficiency ofthe projector can be further stabilized.

What is claimed is:
 1. A wavelength conversion device comprising: arotating device; a substrate including a first surface and a secondsurface disposed at an opposite side of the first surface, the substratebeing rotated by the rotating device; a wavelength conversion elementprovided on the first surface and configured to convert a wavelength ofincident light, the wavelength conversion element being in directcontact with the first surface of the substrate; and a first coolingdevice provided on the second surface, the first cooling deviceincluding, on an inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated,the first cooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element,wherein: the first cooling device is disposed in a positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element, the space extendsfrom an outer edge side of the substrate to a rotation axis side, thefirst cooling device includes a housing configured to form the space inwhich the working fluid inside is encapsulated, an evaporator providedin the space and configured to evaporate the working fluid in a liquidphase with heat transferred from the wavelength conversion element tochange the working fluid in the liquid phase to the working fluid in agas phase, and a condenser provided in the space and configured tocondense the working fluid in the gas phase to change the working fluidin the gas phase to the working fluid in the liquid phase, theevaporator includes a liquid retaining part configured to retain theworking fluid in the liquid phase, the liquid retaining part is providedat the outer edge side in the space and disposed in the positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element, an outer surface ofthe housing is provided on the second surface of the substrate, thewavelength conversion element is separated from the working fluid by thesubstrate and the outer surface of the housing, and the housing is madeof a material having thermal conductivity and being different from amaterial of the substrate.
 2. The wavelength conversion device accordingto claim 1, wherein the first cooling device is provided along a shapeof the wavelength conversion element.
 3. The wavelength conversiondevice according to claim 1, wherein the liquid retaining part is notprovided at an end portion at the rotation axis side in the space. 4.The wavelength conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: adirection from the first surface toward the second surface along therotation axis is a first direction, the first cooling device includes,in a part located in the first direction, a plurality of fins disposedalong a rotating direction of the substrate, and a plurality of groovesare radially provided in the plurality of fins from the rotation axisside toward the outer edge side.
 5. The wavelength conversion deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the first cooling device includes acooling fin.
 6. An illumination device comprising: a light sourceconfigured to emit light having a first wavelength band; and thewavelength conversion device according to claim 1 configured to converta wavelength of the light emitted from the light source into a secondwavelength band different from the first wavelength band.
 7. A projectorcomprising: the illumination device according to claim 6; a lightmodulator configured to modulate light emitted from the illuminationdevice; and a projection optical device configured to project the lightmodulated by the light modulator.
 8. The projector according to claim 7,further comprising a cooling fan configured to blow air to the firstcooling device.
 9. The wavelength conversion device according to claim1, wherein the material of the substrate is a ceramic, and the materialof the housing is copper.
 10. A wavelength conversion device comprising:a rotating device; a substrate including a first surface and a secondsurface disposed at an opposite side of the first surface, the substratebeing rotated by the rotating device; a wavelength conversion elementprovided on the first surface and configured to convert a wavelength ofincident light; and a first cooling device provided on the secondsurface, the first cooling device including, on an inside, a space inwhich working fluid is encapsulated, the first cooling device coolingthe wavelength conversion element, wherein: the first cooling device isdisposed in a position corresponding to the wavelength conversionelement, the space extends from an outer edge side of the substrate to arotation axis side, the first cooling device includes an evaporatorprovided in the space and configured to evaporate the working fluid in aliquid phase with heat transferred from the wavelength conversionelement to change the working fluid in the liquid phase to the workingfluid in a gas phase, and a condenser provided in the space andconfigured to condense the working fluid in the gas phase to change theworking fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in the liquid phase,the evaporator includes a liquid retaining part configured to retain theworking fluid in the liquid phase, the liquid retaining part is providedat the outer edge side in the space and disposed in the positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element, a direction from thefirst surface toward the second surface along the rotation axis is afirst direction, and the first cooling device includes, in a partlocated in the first direction, an inclined surface inclined such thatlength of the space along the first direction increases from the outeredge side toward the rotation axis side.
 11. A wavelength conversiondevice comprising: a rotating device; a substrate including a firstsurface and a second surface disposed at an opposite side of the firstsurface, the substrate being rotated by the rotating device; awavelength conversion element provided on the first surface andconfigured to convert a wavelength of incident light; and a firstcooling device provided on the second surface, the first cooling deviceincluding, on an inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated,the first cooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element,wherein: the first cooling device is disposed in a positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element, the space extendsfrom an outer edge side of the substrate to a rotation axis side, thefirst cooling device includes an evaporator provided in the space andconfigured to evaporate the working fluid in a liquid phase with heattransferred from the wavelength conversion element to change the workingfluid in the liquid phase to the working fluid in a gas phase, and acondenser provided in the space and configured to condense the workingfluid in the gas phase to change the working fluid in the gas phase tothe working fluid in the liquid phase, the evaporator includes a liquidretaining part configured to retain the working fluid in the liquidphase, the liquid retaining part is provided at the outer edge side inthe space and disposed in the position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element, a plurality of the first cooling devices areprovided, and the plurality of first cooling devices respectively extendfrom the rotation axis side to the outer edge side.
 12. The wavelengthconversion device according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of firstcooling devices are bent.
 13. The wavelength conversion device accordingto claim 11, wherein end portions at the rotation axis side of theplurality of first cooling devices are bent in a direction away from thesubstrate.
 14. The wavelength conversion device according to claim 11,further comprising: a first heat transfer member coupled to a positioncorresponding to the evaporators in the plurality of first coolingdevices; and a second heat transfer member coupled to parts at therotation axis side in the plurality of first cooling devices.
 15. Thewavelength conversion device according to claim 14, further comprising acooling fin disposed in the second heat transfer member.
 16. Awavelength conversion device comprising: a rotating device; a substrateincluding a first surface and a second surface disposed at an oppositeside of the first surface, the substrate being rotated by the rotatingdevice; a wavelength conversion element provided on the first surfaceand configured to convert a wavelength of incident light; and a firstcooling device provided on the second surface, the first cooling deviceincluding, on an inside, a space in which working fluid is encapsulated,the first cooling device cooling the wavelength conversion element,wherein: the first cooling device is disposed in a positioncorresponding to the wavelength conversion element, the space extendsfrom an outer edge side of the substrate to a rotation axis side, thefirst cooling device includes an evaporator provided in the space andconfigured to evaporate the working fluid in a liquid phase with heattransferred from the wavelength conversion element to change the workingfluid in the liquid phase to the working fluid in a gas phase, and acondenser provided in the space and configured to condense the workingfluid in the gas phase to change the working fluid in the gas phase tothe working fluid in the liquid phase, the evaporator includes a liquidretaining part configured to retain the working fluid in the liquidphase, the liquid retaining part is provided at the outer edge side inthe space and disposed in the position corresponding to the wavelengthconversion element, a second cooling device provided on the firstsurface, the second cooling device including, on an inside, a space inwhich the working fluid is encapsulated, the second cooling deviceincludes an evaporator provided in the space and configured to evaporatethe working fluid in the liquid phase with the heat transferred from thewavelength conversion element to change the working fluid in the liquidphase to the working fluid in the gas phase, and a condenser provided inthe space and configured to condense the working fluid in the gas phaseto change the working fluid in the gas phase to the working fluid in theliquid phase, and the second cooling device is disposed such that theevaporator of the second cooling device corresponds to a part at therotation axis side of the first cooling device.
 17. The wavelengthconversion device according to claim 16, wherein the second coolingdevice is disposed at the rotation axis side with respect to thewavelength conversion element.
 18. The wavelength conversion deviceaccording to claim 16, wherein at least one of the first cooling deviceand the second cooling device includes a cooling fin.